Review Sheet for Exam 2

1. Be able to state and explain AU and CI2. Remember that in order to explain these theories properly, you must be able to give a definition of each technical term employed in these theories. Finally, be able to explain in your own words the fundamental idea or motivation behind each of these theories. (So don't use my technical terminology: 'maximize' 'hedonic utility', 'means', 'end', 'mere means', etc.)

2. Be able to explain why AU is not equivalent to each of the following theories: AUx and GHP. In doing so, show by way of a chart how the various theories give different implications in a single case. Also be able to explain the formal defects of AUx and GHP by illustrating how they fail to assign a normative status to act tokens in certain cases.

3. Be able to PEE the following arguments:

• The "Lack of Time" Objection against AU
• The "Too High for Humanity" Objection against AU
• The Punishment (or "Small Southern Town") Objection against AU
• The Organ Harvest Objection against AU
• The Objection from the Normative Relevance of Justice against AU

4. Present and evaluate one of the objections against CI2 that we discussed in class. Be sure to define, or otherwise explain in a complete manner, the following terms: 'means' and 'end'. Do your best to provide an interpretation of what Kant means with his phrase 'mere means'. Provide an account of what it might mean to treat someone as a mere means. Finally, discuss some objection against CI2 combined with some account of 'mere means'. Evaluate the stated objection. Is it a serious objection? Why or why not?

5. Be able to define, or in other ways give an explanation for, each of the following terms: intrinsic value, intrinsic goodness, intrinsic badness, instrumental goodness, instrumental badness, higher quality pleasure, lower quality pleasure, qualified hedon. Also be able to explain the roles that intensity and duration (and quality) play in determining how many hedons (or qualified hedons) are in an episode of pleasure according to each of the hedonic theories. Be able to explain how Moore's isolation test is supposed to work. What is it for? How is it supposed to work?

6. Be able to state the following theories: SH, PH, and MQH. Remember that in order to formulate these theories properly, you must be able to give a definition of each technical term employed in these theories. In addition to stating SH and MQH in clear philosophical terminology, you will also be asked to explain the main idea expressed by each of these theories in your own terms. That is, for each theory, you will be asked to explain what they say about how the intrinsic value of a life (for the person who lives it) is generated.

7. Be able to explain how MQH fends off the attack from a Moorean Porky Argument Against MQH.

8. Be able to state and explain Mill's Theory of Quality. Explain, and give Mill's justification for, the distinction between "higher" and "lower" pleasures.

9. Be able to PEE at least one of the following arguments:

• An Argument from PH for SH
• Plato's Oyster Argument
• The Matrix Argument
• Moore's Porky Argument
• An Argument against MQH