Create a graphic organizer (see Web sites below) to summarize and explain the three perspectives on learning time. This task may be completed individually, in small groups, or as whole class learning. It may be done face-to-face or in an online discussion group.

Group Work

http://www.pz.harvard.edu/mlv/index.cfm - The Making Learning Visible project began in 1997 as a collaboration between Project Zero at the Harvard Graduate School of Education in Cambridge, MA, USA, and the Municipal Preschools and Infant-toddler Centers of Reggio Emilia, Italy. The researchers believe that participation in groups is central to how individual learning is constructed, for adults as well as for children.

http://teaching.berkeley.edu/bgd/collaborative.html - Tools for Teaching provides information about collaborative learning by Barbara Gross Davis at this Web link.

http://www.co-operation.org/ - The Cooperative Learning Center at the University of Minnesota provides resources on cooperative learning by David and Roger Johnson.

http://edtech.kennesaw.edu/intech/cooperativelearning.htm - This edtech Web link provides resources for understanding and using cooperative learning.

http://www.cast.org/research/faq/index.html - The Center for Applied Special Technology (CAST) describes Universal Design for Learning, which helps teachers individualize instruction.

http://www.learner.org/channel/workshops/readingk2/session6/ett2.html - Differentiated Instruction describes a process of using group strategies to address student differences.

http://www.ericdigests.org/2000-2/groupings.htm - This ERIC Digest gives information on student groupings for reading instruction.

Individualized Learning

http://www.cast.org/teachingeverystudent/ - The Teacher Every Student section of CAST provides resources for learning about and practicing Universal Design for Learning.

http://www.creatinglearningcommunities.org/book/additional/tew.htm - Merrill L. Tew writes about changing the role of teachers to tutors, mentors, and/or learning facilitators.

http://www.theaplus.org/personalized_learning.html - The Personalized Learning Model is described on this Association of Personalized Learning Services Web site.

http://www.reason.com/contrib/show/582.xml - Britton Manasco contributed this article to Reason Magazine describes how education needs to change to meet individual learning needs.

http://www.nacol.org/docs/Keeping%20Pace%20with%20K-12%20Online%20Learning%202006.pdf - Keeping Pace provides guidelines for developing K-12 online learning programs, sponsored by the North American Council for Online Learning.

http://teaching.berkeley.edu/bgd/motivate.html - The article by Barbara Gross Davis at the University of California, Berkeley describes incentives for learning.

http://www.k12academics.com/pedagogy.htm - K-12 Academics provides a variety of information about pedagogy on this link, including active learning, computer-based learning, cooperative education, and inquiry-based learning.

Graphic Organizers

http://www.eduplace.com/graphicorganizer/ - This Education Place link from Houghton Mifflin provides information about numerous graphic organizers.

http://www.edhelper.com/teachers/graphic_organizers.htm - The Education Helper Web link provides resources for graphic organizers.

http://www.ncrel.org/sdrs/areas/issues/students/learning/lr1grorg.htm - The North Central Regional Educational Laboratory provides information on graphic organizers in this link.